Machine for making tulle



E. CAVIGELLI.

MACHINE FOR MAKING'TULLE.

APPLICATION FILED MAII.25. 1921.

1,404,373, Patented Jan. 24, 1922.-

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

EMANUEL CAVIGELLI, 0E sT. MAEGARETHEN, NEAR MNcHw-ILEN, SWITZERLAND, AssIGNoR To THE FIRM SCHWEIZ, GESELLSCHAFT FR TLLINnUsTRIE A.G., or

MNCHWILEN, SWITZERLAND.

MACHINE FOR MAKING TULLE.

Application led .March 25, 1921.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Jan. 24, 1922.

Serial No. 455,514.

(GRANTED UNDER THE PROVISIONS 0F THE ACT OF MARCH 3, 1921, 41 STAT. L., 1313.)

To @ZZ whom t may concern:

-Be it .known that I, EMANUEL CAVIGELLI, a citizen of the Republic of Switzerland, residing at St. Margarethen, near Mnchwilen, Thurgau, Switzerland, have invented certain new and useful Improvements VYin Machines for Making Tulle (for which applications for patent have been filed in Switzerland, Nov. 22, 1919, Patent No. 88,739; Germany, December 4, 1919, application No. 56,888; England, November 22, 1920, appln. No. 32,928/1920, and France, January 5, 1921, appln. No. 13S/296;) and I do hereby declare the following to be a clear, full, and exact ,description of the invention, such as will enableothers skilled inthe art to which it appertains to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to letters or figures of reference marked thereon, which form a part of this specification.

This invention relates to machines Jfor making tulle or bobbinet and more particularly to a. combination warp beam brake for such machines. l

The tension of the warp threads in tulle machines is preferably produced by braking the warp beam. As is known, the tension ot the weft threads, that is to say, of the diagonal spool threads, continuously in-v creases during the working process, and the tension of the warp threads must be increased to-a corresponding extent in order to avoid any deformation of the hexagonal mesh or loop structure. To that end, the band or rope brake with which theexisting constructions of tulle machines are provided are in most cases more strongly applied by the hand of the tulle weaver during the working process. Constructions are also already known in which the increase of the braking action of such a brake is automatically produced in dependence on the rotary motion of the Warp beam. This brake construction cannot, however, be applied with a lsatisfactory effect to modern heavy tulle machines, as in the case of unavoidable ,higher brake pressures in heavy tulle machines the brake 'devices not only lose their sensitiveness, but fail altogether. The faces of the brakefdisc become corroded Vor damaged when steel cables are used. It hemp ropes are used, the braking is affected by the influences of the different heat and moisture conditions. In both cases the action is exceedingly injurious to the nature of the tabric produced.

This invention relates to a brake device for the warp beam, in which the above mentioned drawbacks are avoided.

According to this invention a combination brake is provided which comprises a braking means by which the normal tension of the warp threads is produced at the beginning of the working and maintained constant during the whole working period, and additional braking means which produce an additional braking action increasing during the working process and derived from the rotary motion of the machine.

A construction according to the invention is illustrated by way of example in the accompanying drawings. In the same:

Figure 1 is a sideelevation of a tulle-making machine provided with the device.

Figure 2 is a section through the elastic device to which the brake lever is connected.

Figure 3 is a vertical section on the line III- III of Figure 4.

Figure 4 is a side elevation, partly in section on the line IV-IV of Figure 3.

Figure 5 is the plan corresponding to Figures 3 and 4 of the arrangement of the device.

Figure 6 is a horizontal section through the axis of the brake on line VI-VI of Fig. 3.

The working of the device according to the invention will be considered simultaneously with the following description of the single parts ot the same.

In Figure 1, 1 indicates the warp threads which are unwound from a warpV beam 2, then woven into a fabric by the two we'fts, and wound over a suitable breast beam 3 and pressure roller on to a cloth beam in the form of a finished fabric. To the warp beam 2 is firmly secured a brake pulley 4, the rim of which is provided with fianges between which is mounted a brake band, one end of which is secured to the machine frame, whilst the other end is secured to a pull rod 6. The rod 6 is provided with a screw thread and can be pulled by hand by means of a thumb nut 7 which through the intermediary of a spring 8, presses against a support provided on the frame. In that way a braking action can be exercised on the brake pulley 4, and therefore on the war beam 2. On the inner circumference of t e rim of the brake pulley are provided two brake jaws 9 and 9 which are rotatably mounted on a pin 10 secured to the machine frame, and can be pressed against the rim of the pulley by means of a cam 11 arranged diametrically opposite the pivot pin 10 and rotatably mounted on a pin secured to the frame. The cam 11 is.- turned by means of the brake lever 1 2 and presses the two brake jaws apart and against the inner face of the pulley rim. Two springs 13 bring about the withdrawal of the brake jaws from the brake pulley and their return to the initial position, when the lever 12 is brought back to its original position at the beginning of the working process. The gradual tightening of the brake lever is brought about by the rotation of a driving shaft 14 in the following manner.

Tothe shaft 14 is secured a pulley 15 provided with a cam face, which at each revolution acts on a roller 16. The roller 16 is secured in a cranked lever 17 which carries on the other arm a pawl 18 engaging with a ratchet wheel 19.

The ratchet wheel 19 is secured on a spindle 20 on 'which the lever 17 is mounted so that it can swing 0n it. The roller 16 is pressed vagainst the pulley 15 by a spring (not shown in the figure) secured to a fixed arm 21, and at each revolution of the shaft 14owing to the rolling over the cam face, experiences a movement in a plane at right angles to the spindle 20. Owing to this operation, the lever 17 swings about the spindle 2O as its aXis of rotation, and the pawl 18 turns the ratchet wheel 19 and the spindle secured to it, to the extent of at least one division. On the spindle 2O which is mounted in the casing of a worm gear 23, is mounted worm 22 which isy in engagement with a worm wheel 23 and further at one end of the spindle there is also pro- Y vided a crank handle 24 for operating the spindle by hand. The worm wheel is mounted loose on the worm wheel spindle 25 and has on one side of the worm a number (eight in the drawing) of interchangeable bolts 251. concentrically screwed in. On the worm wheel spindle 25 is keyed on one side of the worm wheela ratchet wheel 26 which is driven by a pawl 27 The pawl 27 is mounted on a doublearmed lever 28 mounted on a pivot pin on v'the worm gear casing.v The rotation of the spindle 20 is transmitted by the worm 22 to the worin wheel 23. The oscillating movement of the lever is produced by the'action of the bolts 251 on a cam 29 secured to the lever 28 owing to which the ratchet wheel is turned by the pawl tothe extent of at least one tooth at each passage of one of the bolts 251 past the cam 29. By a spring 281 secured to the other arm of the lever 28, the latter is. pulled back against a stop 282. Another vpawl 30 rotatably mounted on the casing, is in engagement with the ratchet wheel 26 for the purpose of preventing the wheel fromturning back. At the other end of the worm gear spindle 25 is secured a winch-like spider 3l, between the arms of which is mounted a spirally coiled spring blade 32. The inner end of the spring blade or coil is secured to the hub of the spider, the outer end to a traction part 33 which connects Vthe brake lever 12 to the spring 32. The rotation of the ratchet wheel 26 produces therefore aV winding of the spring blade 32, owing to which a grad.- ually increasing pull is produced on the brake lever arm, and therefore a constantly increasing braking action.

By changing the number of the bolts provided in the disc of the worm wheel, the gear ratio between the number of revolutions of the driving shaft and the number of revolutions of the spring blade spindle, can be altered, and thus a modification obtained in the increase vof the tension of the warp threads. Another Vmethod of regulating the gear ratio consists in the adjustment or shifting of the stops ofthe levers which carry the pawls. lln that way itis possible to move the pawls back bythe springs on the lever to such an extent that instead of engaging with the next tooth, they engage with the second, third and so on, of the ratchet wheel, and during the next oscillation of the lever would turn the ratchetwheel'to the extent of more than one tooth.

The combination of the brake lever with the spring blade has the great advantage of a braking action taking place in a yielding manner, owing to which the variations of the braking action, due to the friction differ- Yll() ences in the sliding surfaces, are automativ cally equalized or compensated.

I claim:

1. An automatic combination warp beam brake for heavy tulle-making machines, comprising braking means operatively connected to the warp beam, and adapted to produce at the beginning of the working period theV .normal tension of the warp threads and maintain it constant during the whole working period, additional braking meansoperatively connected to the warp beam and adapted to produce an Vvadditional ,braking action, and means actuated upon the rotation of the' driving shaft of the machine adapted to influence said additional braking.; j

means for gradually increasing said additional braking action during the working period.

2. 'An automatic combination warp beam brake for heavy tulle-making machines, comprising a hand operated hand brake operatively connected to the warp beam and adapted to produce at the beginning of the working period the normal tension of the warp threads and maintain it constant during the whole working period, a jaw brake mounted on the brake pulley for the band brake and adapted to produce an additional braking action and means actuated upon the rotation of the driving shaft of the machine, adapted to iniiuence said jaw brake for gradually increasing said additional braking action during the working period.

3. An automatic combination warp beam brake for heavy tulle-making machines, comprising a hand operated band brake, the brake pulley of which being mounted on the warp beam and adapted to produce at the beginning of the working period the normal tension of the warp threads, and maintain it constant during the whole working period, a jaw brake mounted on the brake pulley for the band brake and adapted to produce an additional braking action, a brake lever for operating said jaw brake and a gear interposed between said brake lever and the driving shaft of the machine adapted to convert the rotation of the driving shaft into a pull on said brake lever for increasing said additional braking action by gradually increasing the movement of said brake lever with the duration of the working period.

4. An automatic combination warp beam brake for heavy tulle-making machines, comprising a hand operated band brake, the brake pulley of which being mounted on the warp beam, and adapted to produce at the beginning of the working period the normal tension of the warp threads and maintain it constant during the whole working period, a jaw brake mounted on the brake pulley for the band brake and adapted to produce an additional braking action, a brake lever for operating said jaw-brake, a gear interposed between said brake lever and the driving shaft of the machine adapted to convert the rotation of the driving shaft into a pull on said brake lever for increasing said additional braking action by gradually increasing the movement of said brake lever with the duration of the working period, and

means for modifying the ratio of said gear within wide limits.

5. An automatic combination warp beam brake for heavy tulle-making machines, comprising a hand operated band brake, the brake pulley of which being mounted on the warp beam, and adapted to produce at the beginning of the working period the normal tension of the warp threads and maintain it constant during the whole working period, a aw brake mounted on the brake pulley for the band brake and adapted to produce anadditional braking action, a brake lever for operating said jaw brake, a spring blade spiral the outer end of which being operatively connected to said brake lever the inner end being secured to a spindle, gear means interposed between said spindle and the driving shaft of the machine and adapted to impart rotation of said spindle for winding said spring blade spiral on its spindle and thus exerting a pull on said brake lever for increasing said additional braking action by gradually increasing the movement of said brake lever With the duration ofthe working period.

6. An automatic combination warp beam brake for heavy tulle-making machines, comprising a hand operated band brake, the brake pulley of which being mounted on the warp beam, and adapted to produce at the beginning of the working period the normal tension of the warp threads, and maintain it constant during the whole working period, a jaw brake mounted on the brake pulley for the band brake and adapted to produce an additional braking action, a brake lever for operating said jaw brake, a spring blade spiral the outer end of which being operatively connected to said brake lever the inner end being secured vto a spindle, gear means interposed between said spindle and the driving shaft of the machine and adapted to impart rotation of said spindle for winding said spring blade spiral on its spindle and thus exerting a pull on said brake lever for increasing said additional braking action by gradually increasing the movement of said brake lever with the duration of the working period, and means for modifying the ratio of said gear within wide limits.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my invention, I have signed my name.

EMANUEL CAVIGELLI. 

